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849A synopsis of the studies on the trophic spectrum of the Bulgarian batrachofauna. The analysis of the Bulgarian herpetological literature showed that so far 16 specialized studies on the diet of the Bulgarian species of amphibians have been conducted. From all 18 amphibian species that occur in Bulgaria, 11 (61.11 %) were studied concerning their trophic spectrum, and for 7 (38.89%) there is only partial data. All Bulgarian species of amphibians are zoophagous, mainly insectivorous. All studied species are general feeders (polyphages), except Salamandra salamandra, which prefers slugs and terrestrial worms; Bombina variegata, which shows slight preference to Coleoptera and Pseudepidalea viridis which show slight preference to Formicidae and Coleoptera. Cannibalism was recorded only in Pelophylax ridibundus. New data about the trophic spectrum of four species (Pelophylax ridibundus, Bombina bombina, Bombina variegata and Pseudepidalea viridis) are given.
Numerous investigations, citing occurrences of cannibalism and/or oophagy in over 100 species of reptiles and amphibians, were reviewed with particular emphasis on predator/prey characteristics, environmental determinants, and evolutionary significance. In most species of reptiles cannibalism appears to occur opportunistically as a by-product of normal predatory behavior. Among amphibians, cannibalism is also opportunistic. However, many authors speculate that cannibalism implements particular strategies. In some cases, it is directly associated with specific behavioral, and even morphological characteristics. There is evidence that the development of cannibalistic morphotypes may be genetically and environmentally controlled.
В статье приводятся сведения о видовом составе, встречаемости и состоянии охраны пресмыкающихся Мордвинской поймы в Национальном парке "Самарская Лука"
